Apple Inc. has initiated legal proceedings to overturn a €1.8 billion ($1.9 billion) fine imposed by the European Union for allegedly restricting fair competition in the music streaming market.
he tech giant filed a suit at the EU’s General Court in Luxembourg, aiming to nullify the decision made by the European Commission in March. This legal challenge adds another chapter to the ongoing friction between Apple and the EU regulators over the company’s business practices.
The investigation leading to the fine was triggered by a complaint from Spotify Technology SA in 2015. The Stockholm-based music streaming service accused Apple of using its dominant position to compel Spotify to raise subscription prices, arguing that Apple’s policies and fees imposed on transactions via the App Store inflated operational costs. Spotify contended that these conditions stifled competition, forcing the company to pass on the costs to consumers.
The European Commission, which acts as the EU’s antitrust authority, upheld Spotify’s complaint. It concluded that Apple’s practices violated EU competition rules by prohibiting music streaming apps from informing users about cheaper subscription options available outside the App Store. Consequently, the Commission mandated Apple to cease these “anti-steering provisions” within the European Economic Area (EEA). Apple was required to amend its App Store guidelines, allowing music apps to inform users of alternative purchasing methods and to include direct links to their websites for subscription services.
Despite complying with the order to update its App Store rules, Apple has staunchly defended its position. In response to the fine, Apple argued that the Commission failed to present credible evidence of consumer harm. The company emphasized that the music streaming market is dynamic, competitive, and experiencing significant growth, countering the Commission’s assertion of anti-competitive behavior.
This case is part of a broader campaign led by EU competition chief Margrethe Vestager to regulate the influence of major tech companies. Vestager’s initiatives include hefty fines and the introduction of the Digital Markets Act, a comprehensive set of regulations designed to ensure fair competition and limit the dominance of tech giants like Apple. Compliance with these new regulations has forced Apple to make significant changes to its iOS, Safari, and App Store offerings within the EU.
Apple’s appeal against the fine is not its first confrontation with the European Commission. Previously, the company faced a record €13 billion tax bill over alleged illegal state aid from Ireland, a case that is still pending after Apple initially won an early round. The tech giant’s latest legal challenge underscores the ongoing tension between Silicon Valley firms and European regulators over market practices and regulatory compliance.
As Apple prepares to contest the fine in court, the European Commission has reaffirmed its readiness to defend its decision. The outcome of this legal battle could have significant implications for how tech companies operate within the EU and the extent of regulatory oversight they will face in the future.
